Aggression as an adaptive mechanism

Abstract

This article presents a theoretical analysis of scientific approaches to the study of aggressive behavior, specifically examining the concepts of frustration-aggression, social learning, and humanistic psychology. The author explores aggression as a multifaceted phenomenon that can function not only as a destructive force but also as an adaptive mechanism for protection and frustration management. The evolution of frustration-aggression theory is analyzed, beginning with the classical works of J. Dollard and L. Berkowitz, to its contemporary modifications. The contributions of A. Bass to the study of instrumental and hostile aggression, as well as A. Bandura's socio-behavioral approach to aggression as socially learned behavior, are considered. Particular attention is given to F. Perls's humanistic perspective, which viewed aggression as a necessary component of adaptation and personal growth. It is determined that aggression can be used for the "constructive demolition" of outdated behavioral patterns and the integration of new experiences.
Based on the analysis of scientific sources, a conclusion is drawn regarding the potential of aggression as an adaptive mechanism that facilitates protection, frustration management, and goal attainment. Prospects for further researchare identified, including the study of the neurobiological mechanisms of aggression, the influence of social context, the development of practical methods for the constructive use of aggression, as well as the investigation of ethical aspects and positive functions of aggression. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of aggression as a complex social phenomenon and its role in adaptation and personality development.