Ontology of Time: explanation of the “Present” (in the context of the works and views of G.I. Chelpanov)

Abstract

The article-essay will analyze several key concepts-phenomena of personal being - Individual, Social, Time. In different paradigms, they could be called modes of being, existentials, onotological constructs, etc. - mandatory and necessary dimensions, levels, the sphere of development of life - and individual potential - of a particular person. Here they will be considered both in the context of the historical past and the historical present: how they manifest themselves in the life of a particular person (or a particular generation as a whole) and how they can be used to analyze what is happening and model the future - historical and one's own. Georgy Chelpanov's teachings about the Social, the Individual and - about Time were presented as a model example of interpretive models. The methods of theorizing and modeling in this study were the principles of classical ontology, hermeneutics, historical-critical analysis, comparative analysis, meaningful reconstruction and ontologically oriented interpretation. The purpose of the study is to show the ontological relationship of these levels of development of human being, the impossibility of extracting / rejecting any of them - for a holistic attitude to one's life and living one's life as an integral entity. The second layer of the research objectives is a historical and critical analysis of the teachings of the social, individual and time - one of the founders of Russian psychological thought, the organizer of science and philosophical and psychological education - Georgy Chelpanov.